Surrounded from three sides by the mountains, having four rivers and more than three hundred water canals besides more than fifteen millions population from different tribes, ethnos and religions plus twenty two regions have made Tehran as an important weird capital city of Iran which has had this position for more than two centuries.
Its history dates back to one thousand years ago when Buyid dynasty decided to construct some structures to settle down here, later after the Mongol invasion one of the biggest and best cities of Iran which was Rey or Raga just next to Tehran was destroyed so this place drew attention to itself. Little by little many settlers came to Tehran but for the first it was in Safavids era that main urban constructions were founded. The Safavids had their capital in Qazvin around one hundred and half kilometers northwest of Tehran and used to go to pilgrimage to Rey so they needed a suitable place to rest in the middle of the road. Tehran was appointed to be that good place, so a citadel was built and a great wall with one hundred and fourteen towers surrounded the city including just four regions.
In Qajar era Tehran was appointed as the capital city of Iran so the face of the city changed and developed, thereby the plan of this city was built based on Paris in France.
Unlike the wrong thought among people, Agha Mohammad khan was not the first king who had his coronation in Tehran but it was Karimkhan Zand who did so for the first time in 18th century. He settled down for a short time in Golestan palace but later changed his mind and went to Shiraz and appointed that city as the capital of Iran. Agha Mohammad khan, who had lost his father in a battle against Karim Khan was raised by him in his palace but he always was thinking of taking revenge. Finally after the death of Karim Khan, he could rebel and destroy Zand dynasty and establish Qajar dynasty (1785 to 1925). This dynasty was broken and beaten by Reza shah Pahlavi right after the First World War. After sixteen years the aliens made him leave the power and accept the failure. He was exiled to Mauritius Island and his son Mohammadreza gained the power by the help of aliens especially the British and Americans. The country had been occupied totally by the aliens so the king had no choice to make but following their rules. He really was influenced by the western countries so tried to follow them in different aspects of development.
The Qajar and Pahlavi kings were so influenced by the western culture so they followed them in cultural, political and economic development. This issue was so apparent in different aspects especially the architecture in various parts of the big cities. In Qajar era the architect were ordered to build the whole plan of Tehran like Paris and in Pahlavi era like Los Angeles. In interior architecture they also utilized western elements especially French one a lot.
These connections from the middle of 19th century caused Tehran to be like western cities and be famous among Europeans. A city full of fruit gardens, wheat fields, underground channels and buttonwood trees beside modern western architecture. The city in which there were four regions called Udlajan, Bazaar, Sangelaj and Arg and their borders were Enghelab, Karegar, Mowlavi and Hefdah shahrivar streets that were destroyed by Reza shah Pahlavi to develop and extend the city more than before. Valiasr Street, having 18 kilometers length used to be the symbol of modernism in that era. The longest street in the Middle East with beautiful buttonwood trees and rose flowers from downtown to uptown in the north of Tehran. In the reign of Pahlavi the development of cities was so faster than in Qajar era. Airports, universities, schools, theater and cinema saloons in Tehran in comparison to modern western cities were considerable and glorious. Tehran that used to be just a village far from civilization and urbanism, little by little became one of the most important and largest cities all around the world. The city which was occupied during both world wars could always made a huge influence on regional battles and so many patrons like Hitler and Napoleon were after to control this region. The constitutional revolution in 19th century and domestic battles, the coup d’état of 1953 and 1920 and Islamic revolution besides so many cultural and political challenges have increased the importance of this city.
The best places you should visit:
- National museum
- Golestan palace
- Saadabad palace
- Niavaran palace
- National jewels museum
- Azadi tower
- Under glass painting museum
- The museum of national arts
- The museum of music
- Milad tower
- Carpet museum
- The contemporary art museum
- Moghadam museum
- Book garden
- The museum of holly defense
- Parvaneh plaza
- Peace museum
- Tabiat (Nature) bridge
- Grand bazaar
- The Bazaar of Tajrish
- The old town
- The holy shrine of shah Abdolazim in Rey
- Rey fire temple
- Bi Bi Shahrbanoo
- Reza Abbasi museum
- Malek museum
- Masudieh Mansion
- Negarestan Garden
- Abgineh museum
The best places to stay in:
- Azadi hotel
- Espinas hotel
- Laleh hotel
- Evin hotel
- Espinas palace hotel
- Esteghlal hotel
The best restaurants we recommend:
- Central Nayeb
- Frankfurter
- Narenjestan
- Deem
- Parthian
- Blue duck
- Elizeh
The best places for shopping:
- Grand bazaar
- Tajrish bazaar
- Abdol abad bazaar
- Saleh abad bazzar
- Arg plaza
- Ghaem plaza
Expenses:
Generally speaking the cost of living in Tehran is much more expensive than any other cities in Iran. So many people from other cities in Iran come to this huge city to have high standard life in comparison to universal scale. As Tehran is the political and industrial center of the country, many people, especially the youngster go there to find better opportunities in work, education and society in general. This is one of the reasons which makes Tehran an n expensive city.
Souvenirs:
You can find almost everything in Tehran; from Iranian goods to even American ones. You just need to know where you can find them.
What to wear?
The weather of Tehran is moderate and it also has four seasons at the same time. In winter and summer you can face both heat and cold at a considerable level. The difference in altitude and how it varies fast from downtown to uptown is notable. In 30 minutes you can change your climate from hot to a snowy one. In autumn and spring you cannot forecast the weather correctly and torrential rain are not predictable.
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