The Historical hydraulic system of Shushtar:
The beginnings of the now-extensive Shushtar Hydraulics date back to the 5th century BCE, when the system was believed to have been initiated by Persian king Darius the Great. Water was diverted from the Karun River via man-made canals that sent the flow through tunnels dug through the natural rock. The complete system was likely in place by the 3rd century CE, having incorporated the work and know how of various civilizations including the Mesopotamians and the Romans.
This modern system was made by the order of Shapur (240-270 CE) the first in Sassanian era and by the Roman captives. It was a real masterpiece to manage the water of rain in the region.
Shapur the first was a powerful clever person who fought and defeated all of his rivals and enemies to rule the whole Middle East. He could defeat the romans and asked them to build so many structures in Persia as the gifts to Persians due to compensate their attack towards Persia.
Even nowadays Iranians suffer a lot from the flood which always happens in Khuzestan province of Iran, so you can imagine how hard the people faced this natural disaster in those times. In result, building especial dams was really needed; something in which the Romans were very expert. That’s why Shapur asked them to build different dams in Persia and one of those and the most important one was built in Shushtar.
The water streaming from the caves and tunnels of Iran’s Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System looks like it is flowing through ancient tunnels created by massive worms. But actually, the elaborate system of waterworks was built by different civilizations over centuries of development.
Through the system of tunnels and pools, water is diverted to the city of Shushtar, powering several mills. At the time of its building the elaborate system of dams, tubes, and mills must have seemed like technological wizardry, and today it still seems amazing. The system was in use into the 20th century, providing power to Shushtar, albeit probably not as efficiently as it did before time and erosion took their toll. But considering that it was centuries old, a bit of slippage can be forgiven. Active use of the system was eventually scrapped, as its uses were replaced with more modern irrigation techniques.
UNESCO has declared the system a world heritage site, so hopefully it won’t go out of commission anytime soon. Should you ever find yourself in Iran, it’s the rare industrial site that is worth a visit.
Thanks to Atlasobscura.com
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